Adjectives vs Adverbs
According to my Oxford English dictionary, adjective and adverb are defines as:
- Adjective: a word naming an attribute of a noun, such as sweet, red or technical
- Adverb: a word or phrase that modifies the meaning of an adjective (including prenoun adjunct), verb, or other adverb or of a sentence
Adverb list
ใใคใ | always, every time |
ใใ | immediately, instantly |
ใใใซ | immediately, instantly |
ใใใ | little, few |
ใใใธใ | very |
ใใใใ | many, a lot, much |
ใใถใ | perhaps, probably |
ใกใใใฉ | just, right, exactly |
ใกใใฃใจ | a little, somewhat |
ใจใใฉใ | sometimes |
ใจใฆใ | very |
ใฏใใใฆ | for the first time |
ใพใ | again, and |
ใใฃใใ | slowly, at ease |
ใใ | frequently, often |
ใใ | well, skillfully |
Examples
In the following example, adverbs are shown in bold and what is modified by the adverb is shown in Italics.
Examples of adverbs modifying an adjective
- ใใฎใฑใผใญใฏใจใฆใใใพใใงใใ
This cake is very sweet. - ใใฎใใใ ใใฏใใใธใใใใใใใฃใใงใใ
That question was very difficult. - ใใฎใใคใฏใกใใใฉใใใงใใ
These shoes are just fine.
Examples of adverbs modifying a verb
- ใใใใใใใฏย ใฏใใย ใฏใใใพใใ
Shinkansen runs fast. - ใใใใใใพใใ
I will go home immediately. - ใใใซใในใพใใใ
We ate it immediately. - ใใฎใใฏใใผใซใใใใใ*ใฎใฟใพใใใ
I had plenty of beer yesterday. - ใใฎใใฏใฏใคใณใใกใใฃใจ*ใฎใฟใพใใใ
I had a small amount of wine yesterday. - ใใใงใใพใใใ
Well done.
* In Japanese, phrases for a quantity or a number are often inserted as an adverb.
Examples of adverbs modifying another adverb
- ใใใใใใใฏ ใจใฆใ ใฏใใ ใฏใใใพใใ
Shinkansen runs very fast. - ใใใใใใใชใใพใใใ
I was a bit late.
Examples of adverb modifying a sentence
- ใจใใฉใย ใใใย ใตใใพใใ
Sometimes it rains. - ใฏใฏใจใใใงใใใงใฏใชใใใใพใใ
I talk with my mum on the phone often. - ใใคใย ใในใงย ใใฃใใใซย ใใใพใใ
I always go to school by bus. - ใฏใใใฆใใใพใใใใฆใใใพใใใ
I drove a car for the first time. - ใใถใใธใงใณใใใฎใใผใใฃใผใซใใใพใใ
Probably I will go to John’s party. - ใพใใใใใจใซใใใใใงใใ
I want to go to Kyoto again. - ใใฃใใใใตใใซใฏใใใพใใใ
I had a bath leisurely.
It is common that adverbs are placed immediately before the word/phrase/sentence that it is modifying but it can be placed almost anywhere in the sentence.
Suggested activities
- Make a few sentences each for the adverb shown as examples.